alfonsosanchezbeato
on 3 March 2020


This article was last updated 5 year s ago.

Sometimes you really need a deterministic response time in your system. For example, a robotic arm that needs to be at the right place at exactly the right time, and you cannot avoid the need for a hard real-time (RT) operating system. But, that is only a small part of your software, and for the rest, you do not have that requirement. The options you have at that point are:

  1. Do everything from the RTOS
  2. Have two separate processors, one handling RT tasks and the other handling the non-RT payload

In the first case, development costs increase due to the more complex development environment, and you miss the convenience, updateability and high throughput of a regular Linux installation. In the second case, hardware and development costs increase due to the custom hardware set-up and the interactions between the two hardware pieces.

However, this scenario is starting to change thanks to advances in hypervisor technologies. For instance, ACRN, a Linux Foundation project, is an open-source type one hypervisor that has been developed to address the unique needs of IoT development. It opens the door to safety-critical and real-time payloads while sharing the device with OSs’ like Ubuntu and Android.

ACRN allows you to split resources amongst different operating systems. You can assign CPU cores and chunks of memory to different operating systems to make sure that RT parts are always on time, while maximum throughput is still available for the rest of the system. Reliability of the system is also assured: one OS can crash while the others are unaffected. ACRN is highly customisable and you can use it in different configurations. VMs with a different OS can launch at boot, or later as needed by the main OS (the ‘service’ OS) or the user.

ACRN and Ubuntu Demo

At Embedded World 2020, we showed Ubuntu running in parallel with the real-time OS Zephyr, on top of ACRN. Zephyr is an RTOS developed under the Linux Foundation umbrella and backed by industry leaders like Intel, NXP and Linaro. It supports a wide range of hardware, from MCUs to x86 boards. For the demo, we use an Intel NUC where we reserve a core and a small amount of memory for Zephyr. Ubuntu 18.04 then uses the rest of the systems resources. ACRN takes control of the system on boot and then starts Zephyr and Ubuntu. We show how Zephyr is able to perform calculations at a constant rate, unaffected by the additional Ubuntu payload. Isolation of the two operating systems is guaranteed as fatal events on one OS do not affect the other, which shows the readiness for safety-critical systems.

Demo in action: Zephyr output on the small display, Ubuntu on the big one

We expect this type of set-up to be more and more common in the future. Canonical is ready to help you in this journey to cheaper, safer, and more updatable mixed-criticality systems. Contact us to know more!


Newsletter
signup

Get the latest Ubuntu news and updates in your inbox.

By submitting this form, I confirm that I have read and agree to Canonical's Privacy Policy.

Related posts


Canonical
30 April 2025

Canonical announces first Ubuntu Desktop image for Qualcomm Dragonwing™ Platform with Ubuntu 24.04

Article Canonical announcements

This public beta enables the full Ubuntu Desktop experience on the Qualcomm Dragonwing™ QCS6490 and QCS5430 processors and complements existing Ubuntu Server support with significant enhancements. Together, these updates provide a powerful development environment for building next-generation AI-driven edge applications....

Canonical
30 April 2025


Canonical
6 March 2025

Canonical to collaborate with Renesas to accelerate innovation in Enterprise AI

Article Canonical announcements

London, UK – Mar 6, 2025 – Canonical, the publisher of Ubuntu, today announced that Renesas Electronics Corporation, a global leader in semiconductor solutions, has joined Canonical’s silicon partner program  to deliver cutting-edge solutions tailored to meet the growing demands of edge computing and AI applications. As...

Canonical
6 March 2025


Canonical
2 December 2024

Canonical announces public beta of optimized Ubuntu image for Qualcomm IoT platforms

Article Canonical announcements

Today Canonical, the publisher of Ubuntu, and Qualcomm® Technologies announce the official beta launch of the very first optimized image of  Ubuntu for Qualcomm® IoT Platforms. Through this beta program, developers will be able to download and use Ubuntu 22.04 LTS for the Qualcomm® RB3 Gen 2 Vision kit, which runs on...

Canonical
2 December 2024